These variable regimes are maybe the consequences of the GHRL genetic variation status amongst them. On the other hand, it has been reported that the feeding regimes are significantly different amongst sheep and goats. In this regard, it can be emphasized that detection of the effect of GHRL genotype on the economically important phenotypic traits that it controls can only be possible through the identification of mutations that existed at the genome. Mutations in the GHRL gene could potentially cause a defective or inactive ghrelin hormone and alter growth hormone secretion and energy homeostasis. The GHRL gene polymorphisms have been associated with milk fat and protein synthesis in water buffaloes enhanced food intake, growth, and body conformation in cattle several growth traits in sheep and obesity in human. Ovine ghrelin is made up of 27 amino acids, which are encoded by GHRL gene that is located on the chromosome 19 and composed of 5 exons and 4 introns (NC_019476.2), while in goats, it is positioned in chromosome 22 and composed of only 4 exons and 3 introns (NC_030829.1). Ghrelin plays important roles in maintaining growth hormone release and energy homeostasis in vertebrates. This genetic peculiarity may in turn suggest a high polymorphic pattern of this breed in comparison with other related counterparts. It is stated that the intron 4 is highly diverse amongst goats and sheep as well as within sheep with a particular emphasis on Awassi. However, all these motifs were gathered in Awassi breed. Computational analyses indicated the presence of various intronic RNA motifs. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the observed diplotypes resided within ovine sequences and were closely related to caprine counterparts. The current study detected several novel SNPs in the ovine–caprine populations as well as two SNPs that are observed only in sheep, including intron4:119 C>A and intron4:123 T>G. The SSCP banding pattern of 262-bp locus indicated the presence of four diplotypes (BC, BB, AC, and AB) in Awassi sheep, three diplotypes (BC, BB, and AB) in Karadi sheep, and only two diplotypes (BC and BB) in all goats’ samples. Two genetic loci of 113 bp and 262 bp partially spanning over exon 2/intron 2 and intron 4/exon 5 of GHRL gene respectively were amplified and genotyped using polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and DNA sequencing methods. This study was performed on 233 sheep and 91 goats. The current study was conducted to identify the genetic polymorphism of ghrelin ( GHRL) gene of sheep and goats, as well as to determine whether these polymorphisms were associated with the evolutionary genetic differences in the involved species.
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